Saturday, August 11, 2012
ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္ ရွာပံုေတာ္
“အာကာကို
လႊာပံုျပဳလို႔ ေမယုကိုတဲ့ စုတ္တံခ်ီ” ဆိုေသာ စာသားေလး ကို ျပန္လည္
ၾကားေယာင္ မိတိုင္း၊ “ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ဦး မကက်ဴးေသာ …” စသည့္ အသံုးအႏွဳန္း
မ်ားကို ဘုရား႐ိွခိုး၊ အမွ်ေ၀ ျပဳမိတိုင္း- ျမန္မာ အေခၚ ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္
တစ္နည္းအားျဖင့္- အျခား ဟိႏၵဴ၊ ဂ်ိန္း၊ ဂ်ာဗား လူမ်ိဳးမ်ား အေခၚ “ေမယု” ကို
သတိရမိသည္။
ငယ္႐ြယ္စဥ္ ကေလး ဘ၀ - ပထ၀ီဘာသာရပ္ ကို စတင္သင္ၾကားခဲ့ရစဥ္က-
အေတာ္ေလး နားလည္ ေသာ အ႐ြယ္ေရာက္မွပင္ အမွန္တကယ္ ထိုေဒသမ်ား ေရာက္၍ သြားၾကည့္ေသာ္မွ ထိုမ်ဥ္းႀကီးမ်ားအား ပကတိ မ်က္ေစ့ ႏွင့္ ျမင္စရာ အေၾကာင္းမ႐ိွ၊ စင္စစ္ အားျဖင့္- ၄င္းတို႔သည္ ေျမပံု ေပၚတြင္ ေဒသမ်ားကို အမွတ္ အသားျပဳရန္ သတ္မွတ္ ပံုေဖၚထားေသာ မ်ဥ္းႀကီးမ်ား ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း နားလည္ ရပါေတာ့သည္။
သို႔ဆိုလွ်င္ -
ထိုမ်ဥ္းႀကီး တကယ္ ႐ိွမ႐ိွ၊ ဆိုသည္ကို စာဖတ္သူ နားလည္ၿပီး ျဖစ္၍- အကယ္၍ တစ္စံု တစ္ေယာက္က အီေကြတာ မ်ဥ္းဆိုတာ ႐ိွသလားဟု ေမးလာခဲ့ေသာ္ စာဖတ္သူ မည္သို႔ ေျဖမည္နည္း။
၄င္းတို႔သည္ အမွတ္ အသား သေကၤတ အေနႏွင့္ တည္႐ိွ၏။ ပကတိ ႐ုပ္၀တၳဳ အသြင္ အေနျဖင့္ သြားၾကည့္ၿပီး မေတြ႕၍ မ႐ိွဟု၍ ဆိုစရာ မ႐ိွေပ။
သို႔ေသာ္- လူသားတို႔၏ သဘာ၀ အတိုင္း ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ အားလံုးသည္ တစ္စံုတစ္ခု ႐ိွသည္ ဟု တစ္ဦးဦး က ေျပာလိုက္လွ်င္- ပကတိ ႐ုပ္၀တၳဳ အသြင္ ကို အလိုလို လွမ္းျမင္ၾကည့္ မိလွ်က္သား ျဖစ္ေန မိတတ္၏။
ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေခၚ ေမယု ေတာင္ ႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍- ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ ျမန္မာ ဗုဒၶဘာသာ မ်ား အေနျဖင့္- နားလည္ ထားၾကသည္မွာ- ယုဂႏၶိဳရ္ အပါအ၀င္ ေတာင္စဥ္ ၇-ထပ္၊ သီတာ ၇-တန္ တို႔၏ အလယ္တြင္ ယူဇနာေပါင္း ၈၄,၀၀၀ (႐ွစ္ေသာင္း ေလးေထာင္) အျမင့္႐ိွေသာ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ တည္႐ိွ၍ - ကၽြန္းႀကီး ၄-ကၽြန္း ၏ ဗဟို ျဖစ္ေလရာ- ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ ေနထိုင္ရာ ေဒသ သည္ ဇမၺဴဒီပါ လက္်ာ ေတာင္ကၽြန္း ျဖစ္သည္။ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္၏ ထိပ္တြင္ တာ၀တႎသာ နတ္ျပည္ တည္႐ိွၿပီး၊ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္၏ အလယ္တြင္ စတုမဟာရာဇ္ နတ္ျပည္ ႏွင့္ အျခားျခားေသာ ဂႏၶဗၺ နတ္မ်ား၊ နတ္ နဂါး၊ ဂဠဳန္ မ်ားသည္ ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္ ေျခတြင္ ႐ိွသည္ ဟု ျဖစ္ပါ၏။
ေကာင္းပါၿပီ။
ထိုယံုၾကည္မွဳ တို႔သည္ မည္သည္ အရာတို႔မွ ျမစ္ဖ်ားခံခဲ့မည္ ဟု ထင္ပါသနည္း။
ပထမဦးစြာ- ျဗဟၼဏ ၀ါဒ ျဖစ္ေသာ ဟိႏၵဴ ႏွင့္ ဂ်ိန္းဘာသာ တို႔၏ ေမယု ေခၚ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ ကို ေလ့လာ ၾကပါအံ့။ မဟာဘာရတၱ က်မ္းတြင္- ေအာက္ပါ အတိုင္း ေဖၚျပထားေသး၏။
၄င္းကို ဖတ္ၾကည့္လွ်င္- ဂႏၶမာ ဒန (Gandhamadana) ႏွင့္ တကြ ကၽြန္းႀကီး ေလးကၽြန္း ကိုလည္းေကာင္း၊ ဂဂၤါ (Ganga) ျမစ္ အေၾကာင္းကို လည္းေကာင္း လည္း ေဖၚျပထားသည္ ကို ေတြ႕ရပါဦးမည္။
"Sanjaya said,--'Stretching from east to west, are these six mountains that are equal 2 and that extend from the eastern to the western ocean. They are Himavat, Hemakuta, that best of mountains called Nishadha, Nila abounding with stones of lapis lazuli, Sweta white as the moon, and the mountains called Sringavat composed of all kinds of metals. 3 These are the six mountains, O king, which are always the resorts of Siddhas and Charanas. The space lying between each of these measures a thousand Yojanas, and thereon are many delightful kingdoms. And these divisions are called Varshas, O Bharata. In all those kingdoms reside creatures of diverse species. This (the land where we are) is in the Varsha that is called after Bharata. Next to it (northwards) is the Varsha called after Himavat. The land that is beyond Hemakuta is called Harivarsha, South of the Nila range and on the north of the Nishadha is a mountain, O king, called Malyavat that stretches from east to west. Beyond Malyavat northwards is the mountain called Gandhamadana. 4 Between these two (viz., Malyavat and Gandhamadana) is a globular mountain called Meru made of gold. Effulgent as the morning sun, it is like fire without smoke. 5 It is eighty-four thousand Yojanas high, and, O king, its depth also is eighty-four Yojanas. It standeth bearing the worlds above, below and transversely. Besides Meru are situated, O lord, these four islands, viz., Bhadraswa, and Ketumala, and Jamvudwipa otherwise called Bharata, and Uttar-Kuru which is the abode of persons who have achieved the merit of righteousness. The bird Sumukha, the son of Suparna, beholding that all the birds on Meru were of golden plumage, reflected that he should leave that mountain inasmuch as there was no difference between the good, middling, and bad birds. The foremost of luminaries, the sun, always circumambulates Meru, as also the moon with (his) attendant constellation, and the Wind-god too. The mountain, O king, is endued with celestial fruits and flowers, and it is covered all over with mansions made of furnished gold. There, on that mountain, O king, the celestials, the Gandharvas, the Asuras, and the Rakshasas, accompanied by the tribes of Apsaras, always sport. There Brahman, and Rudra, and also Sakra the chief of the celestials, assembled together, performed diverse kinds of sacrifices with plentiful gifts. Tumvuru, and Narada and Viswavasu, and the Hahas and the Huhus, repairing thither, adored the foremost of the celestials with diverse hymns. The high-souled seven Rishis, and Kasyapa the lord of creatures, repair thither, blessed be thou, on every parva day. 1 Upon the summit of that mountain, Usanas, otherwise called the Poet, sporteth with the Daityas (his disciples). 2 The jewels and gems (that we see) and all the mountains abounding in precious stones are of Meru. Therefrom a fourth part is enjoyed by the holy Kuvera. Only a sixteenth part of that wealth he giveth unto men. On the northern side of Meru is a delightful and excellent forest of Karnikaras, covered with the flowers of every season, 3and occupying a range of hills. There the illustrious Pasupati himself, the creator of all things, surrounded by his celestial attendants and accompanied by Uma, sporteth bearing a chain of Karnikara flowers (on his neck) reaching down to his feet, and blazing with radiance with his three eyes resembling three risen suns. Him Siddhas truthful in speech, of excellent vows and austere ascetic penances, can behold. Indeed, Maheswara is incapable of being seen by persons of wicked conduct. From the summit of that mountain, like a stream of milk, O ruler of men, the sacred and auspicious Ganga, otherwise called Bhagirathi, adored by the most righteous, of universal form and immeasurable and issuing out with terrific noise, falleth with impetuous force on the delightful lake of Chandramas. 4 Indeed that sacred lake, like an ocean, hath been formed by Ganga herself. (While leaping from the mountains), Ganga, incapable of being supported by even the mountains, was held for a hundred thousand years by the bearer of Pinaka on his head. 1 On the western side of Meru, O king, is Ketumala. 2 And there also is Jamvukhanda. Both are great seats of humanity, O king. 3 There, O Bharata, the measure of human life is ten thousand years. The men are all of a golden complexion, and the women are likeApsaras. And all the residents are without sickness, without sorrow, and always cheerful. The men born there are of the effulgence of melted gold. On the summits of Gandhamadana, Kuvera the lord of the Guhyakas, with many Rakshasas and accompanied by tribes ofApsaras, passeth his time in joy. Besides Gandhamadana there are many smaller mountains and hills. The measure of human life there is eleven thousand years. There, O king, the men are cheerful, and endued with great energy and great strength and the women are all of the complexion of the lotus and highly beautiful. Beyond Nila is (the Varsha called) Sweta, beyond Sweta is (the Varsha called) Hiranyaka. Beyond Hiranyaka is (the Varsha called) Airavata covered with provinces. The last Varsha in the (extreme) north and Bharata's Varsha in the (extreme) south are both, O king, of the form of a bow. These five Varshas (viz., Sweta, Hiranyaka, Elavrita, Harivarsha, and Haimavat-varsha) are in the middle, of which Elavrita exists in the very middle of all. Amongst these seven Varshas (the five already mentioned andAiravata and Bharata) that which is further north excels the one to its immediate south in respect of these attributes, viz., the period of life, stature, health, righteousness, pleasure, and profit. In these Varshas, O Bharata, creatures (though of diverse species) yet, live together. Thus, O king, is Earth covered with mountains. The huge mountains of Hemakuta are otherwise called Kailasa. There, O king, Vaisravana passeth his time in joy with his Guhyakas. Immediately to the north of Kailasa and near the mountains of Mainaka there is a huge and beautiful mountain called Manimaya endued with golden summits. Beside this mountain is a large, beautiful, crystal and delightful lake called Vindusaras with golden sands (on its beach). There king Bhagiratha, beholding Ganga (since) called after his own name, resided for many years. There may be seen innumerable sacrificial stakes made of gems, and Chaitya tree made of gold. It was there that he of a thousand eyes and great fame won (ascetic) success by performing sacrifices. There the Lord of all creatures, the eternal Creator of all the worlds, endued with supreme energy surrounded by his ghostly attendants, is adored. There Nara and Narayana, Brahman, and Manu, and Sthanu as the fifth, are (ever present). And there the celestial stream Ganga having three currents, 4 issuing out of the region of Brahman, first showed herself, and then dividing herself into seven streams, became Vaswokasara, Nalini, the sin-cleansing Saraswati, Jamvunadi, Sita, Ganga and Sindhu as the seventh. The Supreme Lord hath (himself) made the arrangement with reference to that inconceivable and celestial stream. It is there that 1 sacrifices have been performed (by gods and Rishis) on a thousand occasions after the end of the Yuga (when creation begins). As regards the Saraswati, in some parts (of her course) she becometh visible and in some parts not so. This celestial sevenfold Ganga is widely known over the three worlds. Rakshasas reside on Himavat, Guhyakas on Hemakuta, and serpents and Nagas on Nishadha, and ascetics on Gokarna. The Sweta mountains are said to be the abode of the celestial and the Asuras. The Gandharvas always reside on Nishadhas, and the regenerate Rishis on Nila. The mountains of Sringavat also are regarded as the resort of the celestials. "'These then, O great king, are the seven Varshas of the world as they are divided. Diverse creatures, mobile 2 and immobile, are placed in them all. Diverse kinds of prosperity, both providential and human, are noticeable in them. They are incapable of being counted. Those desirous, however, of their own good believe (all this), I have now told thee of that delightful region (of land) of the form of a hare about which thou hadst asked me. At the extremities of that region are the two Varshas, viz., one on the north and the other on the south. Those two also have now been told to thee. Then again the two islands Naga-dwipa and Kasyapa-dwipa are the two ears of this region of the form of a hare. The beautiful mountains of Maleya, O king, having rocks like plates of copper, form another (prominent) part of Jamvudwipa that having its shape resembling a hare.'"
အထက္တြင္ ေဖၚျပခဲ့သည့္ အတိုင္းပင္လွ်င္- သကၠတ ဘာသာျဖင့္ သုေမယု၊ မဟာေမယု ေခၚေသာ ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္ သည္ ယူဇနာေပါင္း ၈၄,၀၀၀ ႏွင့္ နတ္ျပည္ အထပ္ထပ္ ႐ိွေနပံုကို ေအာက္ ေဖၚျပပါ ပံုတြင္ ျမင္ေတြ႕ ႏိုင္ပါ၏။ ေဖၚျပပါပံုသည္ ဂ်ိန္း ေပစာတို႔တြင္ ေတြ႕ရေသာ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ ပံု ျဖစ္၏။ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Meru.jpg
ထိုနည္းတူပင္ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ကို ဗဟိုျပဳလွ်က္- Uttarakuru ဥတၱရကု႐ု
ငယ္႐ြယ္စဥ္ ကေလး ဘ၀ - ပထ၀ီဘာသာရပ္ ကို စတင္သင္ၾကားခဲ့ရစဥ္က-
- ျမန္မာ စံေတာ္ခ်ိန္ မ်ဥ္းေၾကာင္း ႀကီးသည္ မည္သည့္ ၿမိဳ႕႐ြာ ေဒသမ်ားကို ကို ျဖတ္သန္း သြားသည္ ဟူ၍ လည္းေကာင္း၊
- ဥတၱရ ယဥ္စြန္းတန္းသည္ ျမန္မာႏိုင္ငံ မည္သည့္ ၿမိဳ႕႐ြာမ်ားကို ျဖတ္သန္း သြားသည္ ဟူ၍ လည္းေကာင္း၊
- ကမာၻ႕ ပထ၀ီတြင္လည္း အီေကြတာ မ်ဥ္းေၾကာင္းႀကီးသည္ ကမာၻႀကီးအား ေတာင္ျခမ္း ႏွင့္ ေျမာက္ျခမ္း ကို ပိုင္းျခားထားသည္။ ဂရင္းနစ္ စံေတာင္ခ်ိန္ မ်ဥ္းသည္ အဂၤလန္ ႏိုင္ငံ ဂရင္းနစ္ ေဒသကို ျဖစ္သန္း သြားသည္ ဟူ၍ လည္းေကာင္း မွတ္သား သင္ၾကားခဲ့ ရေသာ အခါ -
အေတာ္ေလး နားလည္ ေသာ အ႐ြယ္ေရာက္မွပင္ အမွန္တကယ္ ထိုေဒသမ်ား ေရာက္၍ သြားၾကည့္ေသာ္မွ ထိုမ်ဥ္းႀကီးမ်ားအား ပကတိ မ်က္ေစ့ ႏွင့္ ျမင္စရာ အေၾကာင္းမ႐ိွ၊ စင္စစ္ အားျဖင့္- ၄င္းတို႔သည္ ေျမပံု ေပၚတြင္ ေဒသမ်ားကို အမွတ္ အသားျပဳရန္ သတ္မွတ္ ပံုေဖၚထားေသာ မ်ဥ္းႀကီးမ်ား ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း နားလည္ ရပါေတာ့သည္။
သို႔ဆိုလွ်င္ -
ထိုမ်ဥ္းႀကီး တကယ္ ႐ိွမ႐ိွ၊ ဆိုသည္ကို စာဖတ္သူ နားလည္ၿပီး ျဖစ္၍- အကယ္၍ တစ္စံု တစ္ေယာက္က အီေကြတာ မ်ဥ္းဆိုတာ ႐ိွသလားဟု ေမးလာခဲ့ေသာ္ စာဖတ္သူ မည္သို႔ ေျဖမည္နည္း။
၄င္းတို႔သည္ အမွတ္ အသား သေကၤတ အေနႏွင့္ တည္႐ိွ၏။ ပကတိ ႐ုပ္၀တၳဳ အသြင္ အေနျဖင့္ သြားၾကည့္ၿပီး မေတြ႕၍ မ႐ိွဟု၍ ဆိုစရာ မ႐ိွေပ။
သို႔ေသာ္- လူသားတို႔၏ သဘာ၀ အတိုင္း ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ အားလံုးသည္ တစ္စံုတစ္ခု ႐ိွသည္ ဟု တစ္ဦးဦး က ေျပာလိုက္လွ်င္- ပကတိ ႐ုပ္၀တၳဳ အသြင္ ကို အလိုလို လွမ္းျမင္ၾကည့္ မိလွ်က္သား ျဖစ္ေန မိတတ္၏။
ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေခၚ ေမယု ေတာင္ ႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍- ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ ျမန္မာ ဗုဒၶဘာသာ မ်ား အေနျဖင့္- နားလည္ ထားၾကသည္မွာ- ယုဂႏၶိဳရ္ အပါအ၀င္ ေတာင္စဥ္ ၇-ထပ္၊ သီတာ ၇-တန္ တို႔၏ အလယ္တြင္ ယူဇနာေပါင္း ၈၄,၀၀၀ (႐ွစ္ေသာင္း ေလးေထာင္) အျမင့္႐ိွေသာ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ တည္႐ိွ၍ - ကၽြန္းႀကီး ၄-ကၽြန္း ၏ ဗဟို ျဖစ္ေလရာ- ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ ေနထိုင္ရာ ေဒသ သည္ ဇမၺဴဒီပါ လက္်ာ ေတာင္ကၽြန္း ျဖစ္သည္။ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္၏ ထိပ္တြင္ တာ၀တႎသာ နတ္ျပည္ တည္႐ိွၿပီး၊ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္၏ အလယ္တြင္ စတုမဟာရာဇ္ နတ္ျပည္ ႏွင့္ အျခားျခားေသာ ဂႏၶဗၺ နတ္မ်ား၊ နတ္ နဂါး၊ ဂဠဳန္ မ်ားသည္ ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္ ေျခတြင္ ႐ိွသည္ ဟု ျဖစ္ပါ၏။
ေကာင္းပါၿပီ။
ထိုယံုၾကည္မွဳ တို႔သည္ မည္သည္ အရာတို႔မွ ျမစ္ဖ်ားခံခဲ့မည္ ဟု ထင္ပါသနည္း။
ပထမဦးစြာ- ျဗဟၼဏ ၀ါဒ ျဖစ္ေသာ ဟိႏၵဴ ႏွင့္ ဂ်ိန္းဘာသာ တို႔၏ ေမယု ေခၚ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ ကို ေလ့လာ ၾကပါအံ့။ မဟာဘာရတၱ က်မ္းတြင္- ေအာက္ပါ အတိုင္း ေဖၚျပထားေသး၏။
၄င္းကို ဖတ္ၾကည့္လွ်င္- ဂႏၶမာ ဒန (Gandhamadana) ႏွင့္ တကြ ကၽြန္းႀကီး ေလးကၽြန္း ကိုလည္းေကာင္း၊ ဂဂၤါ (Ganga) ျမစ္ အေၾကာင္းကို လည္းေကာင္း လည္း ေဖၚျပထားသည္ ကို ေတြ႕ရပါဦးမည္။
"Sanjaya said,--'Stretching from east to west, are these six mountains that are equal 2 and that extend from the eastern to the western ocean. They are Himavat, Hemakuta, that best of mountains called Nishadha, Nila abounding with stones of lapis lazuli, Sweta white as the moon, and the mountains called Sringavat composed of all kinds of metals. 3 These are the six mountains, O king, which are always the resorts of Siddhas and Charanas. The space lying between each of these measures a thousand Yojanas, and thereon are many delightful kingdoms. And these divisions are called Varshas, O Bharata. In all those kingdoms reside creatures of diverse species. This (the land where we are) is in the Varsha that is called after Bharata. Next to it (northwards) is the Varsha called after Himavat. The land that is beyond Hemakuta is called Harivarsha, South of the Nila range and on the north of the Nishadha is a mountain, O king, called Malyavat that stretches from east to west. Beyond Malyavat northwards is the mountain called Gandhamadana. 4 Between these two (viz., Malyavat and Gandhamadana) is a globular mountain called Meru made of gold. Effulgent as the morning sun, it is like fire without smoke. 5 It is eighty-four thousand Yojanas high, and, O king, its depth also is eighty-four Yojanas. It standeth bearing the worlds above, below and transversely. Besides Meru are situated, O lord, these four islands, viz., Bhadraswa, and Ketumala, and Jamvudwipa otherwise called Bharata, and Uttar-Kuru which is the abode of persons who have achieved the merit of righteousness. The bird Sumukha, the son of Suparna, beholding that all the birds on Meru were of golden plumage, reflected that he should leave that mountain inasmuch as there was no difference between the good, middling, and bad birds. The foremost of luminaries, the sun, always circumambulates Meru, as also the moon with (his) attendant constellation, and the Wind-god too. The mountain, O king, is endued with celestial fruits and flowers, and it is covered all over with mansions made of furnished gold. There, on that mountain, O king, the celestials, the Gandharvas, the Asuras, and the Rakshasas, accompanied by the tribes of Apsaras, always sport. There Brahman, and Rudra, and also Sakra the chief of the celestials, assembled together, performed diverse kinds of sacrifices with plentiful gifts. Tumvuru, and Narada and Viswavasu, and the Hahas and the Huhus, repairing thither, adored the foremost of the celestials with diverse hymns. The high-souled seven Rishis, and Kasyapa the lord of creatures, repair thither, blessed be thou, on every parva day. 1 Upon the summit of that mountain, Usanas, otherwise called the Poet, sporteth with the Daityas (his disciples). 2 The jewels and gems (that we see) and all the mountains abounding in precious stones are of Meru. Therefrom a fourth part is enjoyed by the holy Kuvera. Only a sixteenth part of that wealth he giveth unto men. On the northern side of Meru is a delightful and excellent forest of Karnikaras, covered with the flowers of every season, 3and occupying a range of hills. There the illustrious Pasupati himself, the creator of all things, surrounded by his celestial attendants and accompanied by Uma, sporteth bearing a chain of Karnikara flowers (on his neck) reaching down to his feet, and blazing with radiance with his three eyes resembling three risen suns. Him Siddhas truthful in speech, of excellent vows and austere ascetic penances, can behold. Indeed, Maheswara is incapable of being seen by persons of wicked conduct. From the summit of that mountain, like a stream of milk, O ruler of men, the sacred and auspicious Ganga, otherwise called Bhagirathi, adored by the most righteous, of universal form and immeasurable and issuing out with terrific noise, falleth with impetuous force on the delightful lake of Chandramas. 4 Indeed that sacred lake, like an ocean, hath been formed by Ganga herself. (While leaping from the mountains), Ganga, incapable of being supported by even the mountains, was held for a hundred thousand years by the bearer of Pinaka on his head. 1 On the western side of Meru, O king, is Ketumala. 2 And there also is Jamvukhanda. Both are great seats of humanity, O king. 3 There, O Bharata, the measure of human life is ten thousand years. The men are all of a golden complexion, and the women are likeApsaras. And all the residents are without sickness, without sorrow, and always cheerful. The men born there are of the effulgence of melted gold. On the summits of Gandhamadana, Kuvera the lord of the Guhyakas, with many Rakshasas and accompanied by tribes ofApsaras, passeth his time in joy. Besides Gandhamadana there are many smaller mountains and hills. The measure of human life there is eleven thousand years. There, O king, the men are cheerful, and endued with great energy and great strength and the women are all of the complexion of the lotus and highly beautiful. Beyond Nila is (the Varsha called) Sweta, beyond Sweta is (the Varsha called) Hiranyaka. Beyond Hiranyaka is (the Varsha called) Airavata covered with provinces. The last Varsha in the (extreme) north and Bharata's Varsha in the (extreme) south are both, O king, of the form of a bow. These five Varshas (viz., Sweta, Hiranyaka, Elavrita, Harivarsha, and Haimavat-varsha) are in the middle, of which Elavrita exists in the very middle of all. Amongst these seven Varshas (the five already mentioned andAiravata and Bharata) that which is further north excels the one to its immediate south in respect of these attributes, viz., the period of life, stature, health, righteousness, pleasure, and profit. In these Varshas, O Bharata, creatures (though of diverse species) yet, live together. Thus, O king, is Earth covered with mountains. The huge mountains of Hemakuta are otherwise called Kailasa. There, O king, Vaisravana passeth his time in joy with his Guhyakas. Immediately to the north of Kailasa and near the mountains of Mainaka there is a huge and beautiful mountain called Manimaya endued with golden summits. Beside this mountain is a large, beautiful, crystal and delightful lake called Vindusaras with golden sands (on its beach). There king Bhagiratha, beholding Ganga (since) called after his own name, resided for many years. There may be seen innumerable sacrificial stakes made of gems, and Chaitya tree made of gold. It was there that he of a thousand eyes and great fame won (ascetic) success by performing sacrifices. There the Lord of all creatures, the eternal Creator of all the worlds, endued with supreme energy surrounded by his ghostly attendants, is adored. There Nara and Narayana, Brahman, and Manu, and Sthanu as the fifth, are (ever present). And there the celestial stream Ganga having three currents, 4 issuing out of the region of Brahman, first showed herself, and then dividing herself into seven streams, became Vaswokasara, Nalini, the sin-cleansing Saraswati, Jamvunadi, Sita, Ganga and Sindhu as the seventh. The Supreme Lord hath (himself) made the arrangement with reference to that inconceivable and celestial stream. It is there that 1 sacrifices have been performed (by gods and Rishis) on a thousand occasions after the end of the Yuga (when creation begins). As regards the Saraswati, in some parts (of her course) she becometh visible and in some parts not so. This celestial sevenfold Ganga is widely known over the three worlds. Rakshasas reside on Himavat, Guhyakas on Hemakuta, and serpents and Nagas on Nishadha, and ascetics on Gokarna. The Sweta mountains are said to be the abode of the celestial and the Asuras. The Gandharvas always reside on Nishadhas, and the regenerate Rishis on Nila. The mountains of Sringavat also are regarded as the resort of the celestials. "'These then, O great king, are the seven Varshas of the world as they are divided. Diverse creatures, mobile 2 and immobile, are placed in them all. Diverse kinds of prosperity, both providential and human, are noticeable in them. They are incapable of being counted. Those desirous, however, of their own good believe (all this), I have now told thee of that delightful region (of land) of the form of a hare about which thou hadst asked me. At the extremities of that region are the two Varshas, viz., one on the north and the other on the south. Those two also have now been told to thee. Then again the two islands Naga-dwipa and Kasyapa-dwipa are the two ears of this region of the form of a hare. The beautiful mountains of Maleya, O king, having rocks like plates of copper, form another (prominent) part of Jamvudwipa that having its shape resembling a hare.'"
အထက္တြင္ ေဖၚျပခဲ့သည့္ အတိုင္းပင္လွ်င္- သကၠတ ဘာသာျဖင့္ သုေမယု၊ မဟာေမယု ေခၚေသာ ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္ သည္ ယူဇနာေပါင္း ၈၄,၀၀၀ ႏွင့္ နတ္ျပည္ အထပ္ထပ္ ႐ိွေနပံုကို ေအာက္ ေဖၚျပပါ ပံုတြင္ ျမင္ေတြ႕ ႏိုင္ပါ၏။ ေဖၚျပပါပံုသည္ ဂ်ိန္း ေပစာတို႔တြင္ ေတြ႕ရေသာ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ ပံု ျဖစ္၏။ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Meru.jpg
ထိုနည္းတူပင္ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ကို ဗဟိုျပဳလွ်က္- Uttarakuru ဥတၱရကု႐ု
- ယုဂႏၶရ ေတာင္ Yugandhara
- ဣႆ ဒါရေတာင္ Isadhara
- ကာရ ၀ိက ေတာင္ Karavīka
- သုဒႆန ေတာင္ Sudassana
- ေနမိႏၵရ ေတာင္ Nemindhara
- ၀ိနာတက ေတာင္ Vinataka
- အာသကၠံဏ ေတာင္ Assakanna
သို႔ေသာ္-
ေအဒီ ၅၀၀ ခုႏွစ္ (ဗုဒၶေပၚၿပီး- အႏွစ္ ၁၀၀၀ ခန္႕တြင္) ေပၚထြန္းခဲ့သည့္ နကၡတ္ ေဗဒင္ ပညာ ၏ မီးရွဳးတန္ေဆာင္ ျဖစ္ခဲ့သည့္ ဆရာ ၀ါဟရ မိဟိရ အေနျဖင့္ - ပဥၥ သိဒၶႏၲ က်မ္း အခန္း ၁၃ တြင္ ေအာက္ပါ အတိုင္း ေဖၚျပခဲ့သည္။
“သံလိုက္ ၂-ခုတို႔၏ အၾကားတြင္ တြဲေလာင္းက်ေနေသာ သံေခ်ာင္း ငယ္တစ္ခု ကဲ့သို႔ - ကမာၻသည္ အာကာသ ဟင္းလင္းျပင္တြင္ ေဘာလံုး သဖြယ္ တြဲလဲ တည္႐ိွသည္။ အရပ္ မ်က္ႏွာ အားလံုးတြင္ ေတာေတာင္၊ သမုဒၵရာ၊ ေတာင္တန္း၊ ၿမိဳ႕႐ြာမ်ားႏွင့္ ကမာၻ တစ္ခုလံုး အား ဖံုးလႊမ္းထားသည္။ ေမယုသည္ ၀င္႐ိုး အေနျဖင့္ တည္သည္။” “အသူရာတို႔သည္ ထိုေဘာလံုး သဏၭာန္ ကမာၻတြင္ ေျခေထာက္တင္လွ်က္- ေကာင္းကင္သို႔ ဦးေခါင္းမွ ညႊန္၍ ႐ိွေနၾကသည္။ ---- နတ္တို႔သည္လည္း ထိုသို႔ေနလွ်က္- သူတို႔မွ အသူရာမ်ားကို ၾကည့္လွ်င္- ေဇာက္ထိုး ေနသည္ဟု ျမင္ရသကဲ့သို႔၊ အသူရာတို႔မွ နတ္တို႔အား ၾကည့္လွ်င္ လည္း ထိုသို႔ ျမင္ရသည္။” (ဤေနရာတြင္- အသူရာတို႔သည္ ေတာင္ပိုင္းသား တို႔ကို ရည္ညႊန္း၍- နတ္တို႔သည္ ေျမာက္ပိုင္းသား တို႔ကို ရည္ညႊန္း ထားသည္ကို သတိျပဳ မိႏိုင္သည္။)ထိုမွ် မကေသး - ဆရာ မိဟိရအေနျဖင့္-
ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ ေမယုသည္ ကမာၻႀကီး၏ လည္ေနေသာ ၀င္႐ိုးမ်ဥ္း ႀကီး ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း ႏွင့္ သုေမယု ႏွင့္ ကုေမယု ဆိုသည္မွာလည္း ကမာၻ၏ ေတာင္ေျမာက္ ၀င္႐ိုးစြန္း ၂-ဘက္ကို ဆိုလိုျခင္း ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း၊ ေမယုသည္ ကမာၻႀကီး၏ အလယ္ တည့္တည့္ ေနရာ ဆံုခ်က္ ျဖစ္ေၾကာင္း တို႔ကိုပါ ရွင္းျပခဲ့၏။
ဆရာ ၀ါရဟ မိဟိရ အေနျဖင့္ ဆိုထားသည္မွာ
“မာယာ ဒန၀ သူရိယ သိဒၶႏၲ” တို႔၏ အယူအဆ အတိုင္း- ေမယုသည္ ေတာင္ႏွင့္ ေျမာက္ကို ဆက္လက္ ဆန္႕သြားလွ်က္ (၀င္႐ိုးစြန္းမ်ား ဆီသို႔) ၄င္းတို႔သည္ ၾကယ္ နကၡတ္ တို႔ႏွင့္ ခ်ိတ္ဆက္ ထားသည့္ အေနအတိုင္း ျဖစ္ကာ “ပရာ၀ဟ ဓါတ္ေခၚ စီးဆင္းမွဳ ဓါတ္” ႀကီးအားျဖင့္ ကမာၻအပါအ၀င္ ၾကယ္တို႔ ပါ၀င္ေသာ အလံုးအစု ႀကီးသည္ လည္ပတ္ေနျခင္း ျဖစ္သည္”ဟု ဆိုထားပါ၏။
ဗုဒၶဘာသာ ႏွင့္ ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္။
အခ်ိဳ႕ေသာ ဘာသာ၀င္မ်ား မွ- တကယ္မ႐ိွေသာ ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္ ကို ဗုဒၶက ရည္ညႊန္း သည္.. စသည္ .. စသည္ ျဖင့္ ဗုဒၶဘာသာ ကို အဓိပၸါယ္ မ႐ိွေသာ ဘာသာ ျဖစ္သေယာင္ တိုက္ခိုက္ ေရးသား ခ်က္မ်ားကို စိတ္မေကာင္းစြာ ေတြ႕ျမင္ ရပါသည္။
ဗုဒၶသည္ “သတၳာေဒ၀ မႏုႆာနံ” ဟူေသာ လူနတ္ သတၱ၀ါမ်ား၏ ဆရာ ျဖစ္၍- အျခား ဘာသာမ်ား ၏ ဘုရားမ်ား ကဲ့သို႔ ထာ၀ရ ဖန္ဆင္းရွင္မ်ိဳး မဟုတ္ပါေပ။
ထိုဖန္တီးရွင္ ကိုးကြယ္မွဳ ႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္၍ ကၽြန္ေတာ့္ အေနနဲ႕ မွတ္ခ်က္ ေပးစရာ မ႐ိွပါ။ မိမိယံုၾကည္ရာ ကိုးကြယ္ ႏိုင္ခြင့္သည္ လူတိုင္းတြင္ ႐ိွပါ၏။
သို႔ေသာ္ ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔ နားလည္ ထားရမည္မွာ- ဗုဒၶျမတ္စြာသည္ ဆရာ ျဖစ္သျဖင့္- ဆရာ ဆိုသည္မွာ မိမိ သင္ၾကားသူေပးရမည့္ သူ၏ တတ္ေျမာက္ ခဲ့ရာ အတတ္၊ က်င္လည္ရာ ပတ္၀န္းက်င္၊ အသိဥာဏ္ အတိုင္းအတာ အဆင့္၊ ဘ၀ ေပး အလုပ္ အေနအထား တို႔ႏွင့္ ကိုက္ညီစြာ နမူနာ ျပဳ သင္ၾကားျပရမည္ ကို လူတိုင္း သိပါ၏။
ကြန္ပ်ဴတာ အေၾကာင္း နကန္း တစ္လံုးမွ် မသိသူအား- CPU (Central Processing Unit) ၏ အလုပ္လုပ္ ပံု ႏွင့္ ယွဥ္တြဲ ၍- အဘိဓမၼာ သေဘာကို မည္သို႔ ရွင္းျပႏိုင္ပါမည္နည္း။
တစ္ခ်ိန္က ကြန္ပ်ဴတာ စတင္ေလ့လာသူ တစ္ဦးအား- သူငယ္ခ်င္း တစ္ေယာက္မွ ကြန္ပ်ဴတာ ဗိုင္းရပ္စ္ အေၾကာင္း ေျပာျပေသာ အခါ- နားလည္ သူအေနျဖင့္- ကြန္ပ်ဴတာ ဗိုင္းရပ္ ဆိုသည္မွာ ကြန္ပ်ဴတာ ထဲတြင္ ေရာဂါ ပိုးမႊားမ်ား ၀င္ေရာက္ ဖ်က္ဆီး ေနသည္ဟု နားလည္ သြားသည္ ကိုလည္း ၾကံဳေတြ႕ ခဲ့မိပါသည္။
ထိုေခတ္ အခါက- သာမာန္ လူမ်ား အေနျဖင့္ အာကာသ နကၡတ္ ပညာ ႏွင့္ ၿဂိဳဟ္တို႔၏ အေၾကာင္း၊ ေန ႏွင့္ စၾက၀ဠာ တို႔ အေၾကာင္းကို သမား႐ိုးက် ယံုၾကည္မွဳ ျဖင့္သာ သိထားၾကၿပီး၊ ရွင္းျပပါကလည္း နားလည္ ႏိုင္စရာ အေၾကာင္း မည္သို႔မွ် မ႐ိွသည္ကို- အခ်ိန္ကုန္ခံ ရွင္းျပေနမည့္ အစား- ၄င္းလက္ခံ ထားေသာ အခ်က္မ်ားကို နမူနာ ထားလွ်က္- အက်ိဳး႐ိွမည့္ သစၥာတရားကို ေဟာၾကားျခင္းက မ်ားစြာ ပို၍ သဘာ၀ က်သည္ မဟုတ္ ပါေလာ။
ဗုဒၶ ေခတ္အခါက - အိႏၵိယ ျပည္တြင္ ေခတ္ပညာ တတ္ဆိုသူမ်ားမွာ- ပုရာဏ္ က်မ္းမ်ားကို တတ္ကၽြမ္း သူမ်ား၊ ဂ်ိန္း ဘာသာ၀င္ တကၠဒြန္းမ်ား၊ ပရပိုဒ္ မ်ား၊ ဟိႏၵဴ ၀ါဒီ ျဗဟၼဏ မ်ားကို တရား ေဟာဆို ရွင္းျပခဲ့ရာတြင္- ထိုသူမ်ား ႏွင့္ အသိဥာဏ္တြင္ စြဲ၀င္ သိ႐ိွထားၿပီး ျဖစ္ေသာ ျမင့္မိုရ္ ေတာင္ကို ပံုခိုင္း ႏိွဳင္းယွဥ္ ျခင္း ျဖစ္ပါမည္ ဟု ကၽြန္ေတာ္ နားလည္မိပါသည္။
ထိုသို႔ေသာ ရွင္းလင္းမွဳ မ်ားကို ဗုဒၶသည္ ျမင္း ဆရာ ေကသီ အား- ျမင္းမ်ားကို သင္ၾကားပံု ကို နမူနာ ေပး၍ ေသာ္လည္းေကာင္း၊ မုဆိုး အား ေလးႏွင့္ ျမွား ဥပမာ၊ ေစာင္း အတတ္ကို ကၽြမ္းက်င္သူ အား ေစာင္းႀကိဳး နမူနာ၊ လယ္သမား အား လယ္ထြန္တံုး ဥပမာ စသည္ ျဖင့္ ျပဆို ၍ ရွင္းျပခဲ့သည္ကို စာရွဳတို႔ သိၿပီး ျဖစ္ပါ၏။
သို႔ေသာ္ အျခားတစ္ဘက္တြင္- အခ်ိဳ႕ခ်ိဳ႕ေသာ အဌကထာ၊ ဋီကာ မ်ားတြင္ ျမတ္စြာဘုရားသည္ တာ၀တႎသာ နတ္ျပည္သို႔ ေျခ ၃-လွမ္း ျဖင့္ ၾကြေတာ္မူ သည္ စသည္ တို႔သည္လည္း- ဘုရား ေဟာ ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ျခင္း မ႐ိွသည္သာ မက- အဌကထာ၊ ဋီကာ မ်ား၏ ဘာသာျပန္ - အနက္ခ်ဲ႕ ရာတြင္ မူလ ဆိုလိုယင္း ႏွင့္ ကြာဟ သြားသည္ မ်ား ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ပါေသး၏။
အဌကထာ ဆရာျမတ္မ်ား၊ ဋီကာ ဆရာျမတ္မ်ား အေနျဖင့္လည္း- ပုရာဏ္ က်မ္း (ျမန္မာ အေခၚ ေပါရာဏ) မ်ား၏ အေငြ႕အသက္ မ်ား လႊမ္းမိုးေၾကာင့္လည္း ျဖစ္ႏိုင္ပါေသး၏။
ဘုရားေဟာ ပါဠိေတာ္မ်ားကို ေပထက္ အကၡရာတင္ လွ်င္ ထိုသို႔ေသာ လြဲေခ်ာ္မွဳမ်ား၊ အိႏၵိယ တြင္ ထိုအခ်ိန္ထက္ မ်ားစြာ ေစာေသာ ကာလကပင္ လႊမ္းမိုးထားေသာ ဟိႏၵဴ ႏွင့္ ဂ်ိန္း ၀ါဒ တို႔၏ ေရာယွက္ လာမွဳမ်ား ပါ၀င္မည့္ အေရးကို သဗၺညဳတ ဉာဏ္ေတာ္ရွင္ ဗုဒၶသည္- ႀကိဳတင္ သိျမင္ေတာ္ မူထားေသာေၾကာင့္- ထိုေခတ္ ထိုအခါက ဟိႏၵဴတို႔၏ ဘာသာေရး ဆိုင္ရာ စာေပ Holy Language ျဖစ္ေနေသာ တစ္ခုတည္းေသာ စာေပ ျဖစ္သည့္ - သကၠတ စာေပ ျဖင့္ ေပထက္ အကၡရာ တင္ခြင့္ မျပဳခဲ့ပဲ- ႏွစ္ေပါင္း ၅၀၀ ေက်ာ္တိုင္ ႏွဳတ္တိုက္ အာဂံု ေဆာင္ေစခဲ့ျခင္း ျဖစ္မည္ ဟုလည္း ကၽြန္ေတာ့္ အေနျဖင့္ နားလည္ မိပါသည္။
တနည္းအားျဖင့္ ဆိုေသာ္ - ဗ်ိဳင္းဆိုသည္မွာ မည္သို႔နည္းဟု မျမင္ဘူးသူ ေမြးရာပါ အျမင္ဓါတ္ ကင္းမဲ့သူ၏ ေမးျမန္းမွဳ အား ေျဖၾကားရာတြင္ - ဗိ်ဳင္းဆိုသည္မွာ အျဖဴေရာင္ ႐ိွေၾကာင္း ေျပာရာမွ- အျဖဴကိုလည္း မျမင္ဘူးျပန္ သျဖင့္- အျဖဴေရာင္ သည္ သင္ ေသာက္သံုး သည့္ ႏြားႏို႔ႏွင့္ တူေၾကာင္း ရွင္းျပရေသာ အခါ- မ်က္မျမင္ အေနျဖင့္ ဗိ်ဳင္းသည္္္ ႏြားႏို႔ ကဲ့သို႔ ဆိမ့္ေသာ အရသာ ႐ိွသည့္ အရည္ဟု နားလည္ သြားသည္ ကို ၾကားခဲ့ဘူးပါလွ်င္- --
ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔သည္ -
ျမင့္မိုရ္ေတာင္ကို မ်က္စိျဖင့္ မျမင္မေတြ႕ရဟု မ႐ိွဟု ဆိုၾကမည္ ဆိုလွ်င္- ကၽြန္ေတာ္ ငယ္စဥ္- က အီေကြတာမ်ဥ္းကို နားလည္ ခဲ့မိသည့္ အေနအထားပင္ ႐ိွေနၾက ပါလိမ့္မည္။
အားလံုး ခ်မ္းေျမ့ပါေစ။
ႏ်ဴမာန္ (မိုးတား)
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